英语：单词pain, ache, ill, sick及hurt的区别

1, 单词PAIN和ACHE的区别
1.1, 两者大部分时候都以名词来使用，表示“疼痛”等感觉。不过PAIN和ACHE有细微的区别，比如pain表示很尖锐短暂的痛，很难被忽略。比如：

• Yesterday I suddenly felt a lot of pain in my stomach. I was taken to hospital where they discovered I had appendicitis.

但ache通常指延续时间长的疼痛，比如头痛、胃痛等（headache, stomach ache, backache以及heartache）
注意：heartache表示类似失恋等造成的痛，比如 :

• He is causing me a lot of heartache.

1.2, 另外，pain和ache有时也用作动词。但pain是一个短暂性的动词，不能表示连续的动作，不能用于进行时。

• It pains me to think of you being so unhappy with your life –你过得如此不好，让我感到难受

但ache可以用于表示连续性，比如用于进行时等：

• My back is really aching.
• I wish my leg would stop hurting, it really aches.

2, 单词SICK和ILL的区别
2.1, 两者一般都作形容词，比如:

• I feel sick.
• Ed had to leave school early because he was ill.

2.2, 两都区别不大，但英语中Sick一般表示“恶心”:

• I think I’m going to be sick.
• If you have children, you can be sure that you will have to clear up some sick at least once during their childhood.

3, 单词HURT与ACHE及PAIN的区别
3.1, 单词hurt通常用作动词或名词，它和ACHE及PAIN的最大区别在于：当用hurt时（比如i am hurt),意味着这种不舒服是由于外界作用造成的。但ache和pain更多是由于身体内在原因造成的。比如：

• Be careful on that ladder, you might hurt yourself if you fall.
• He was badly hurt in the train crash.

3.2, 当用作名词时，hurt通常表示感情上的疼痛：

• When he told her he wanted a divorce she could hear a lot of hurt in his voice.