英语：动词Have的用法

动词Have是英语中最常用的动词之一，有非常多的用法。下面是其最常见的一些用法：

1, Have – 动词，表示“拥有”、“具有”的含义

• He has three books by Hemingway.
• Jane has a sister in France.
• Frank has a lot of free time these days.

2, Have Got

‘Have got’同样用来表示物体的所有权，具有的性质，拥有的关系等。

• He’s got some friends in Wales.
• He’s got red hair and freckles.
• Alice has got three cousins.

3,Have – 一般动词，表示一系列的动作。常见的有：

• have a bath, wash, shower, etc.
• have breakfast, lunch, dinner
• have fun
• have time available
• have questions
• have a party
• have a walk, hike, ride, etc.
• have a discussion, fight, argument etc.
• Erica is having a bath at the moment.
• We’re going to have a party next week.
• She usually has breakfast at seven o’clock.

4,Have – 助动词

Have常用于构成完成时态。其形态要根据具体时态做相应变化。

• 现在完成时: He has been to Georgia twice.
• 现在完成进行时: They have been waiting for over an hour.
• 过去完成时: He had already eaten when she arrived.
• 过去完成进行时: Jane had been working for two hours when he telephoned.
• 将来完成时: They will have been gone for four hours by two o’clock.
• 将来完成进行时: Max will have been playing the piano for two hours by the time he finishes.

5, Have To Do – 表示“不得不”或“必须”做某事

常用于描述某人的的职责。’Have to do’和must有相同的含义，但must一般表示更加强烈的个人职责 (比如: I must talk to Peter. It’s important!) 。
‘Will have to do something’用来讨论将来要做的事，”had to do something”表示过去的职责等。’Have to do’的否定形式’don’t / didn’t have to do’表示这个行为不是必须要做的。但 ‘Mustn’t’表示禁止做某事.

现在时态：

• Doug has to get up early every day.
• They have to work hard on Saturdays.
• She doesn’t have to go to work on Saturdays. (It’s possible, but not necessary)

过去时态:

• They had to leave early to catch the flight.
• Jennifer had to explain the situation to Peter.
• I didn’t have to go to the meeting in Dallas. (I could have gone, but it wasn’t necessary)

将来时态:

• He will have to get up early tomorrow.
• Janice will have to decide whether she wants to marry him or not.
• They won’t have to purchase any additional materials. (They can, but it’s not required.)

6, Have + object(s) + base form of verb / -ing form表示让某事发生。常用来表示已经发生的经历或一般的经历。

• We have people visit us all the time.
• Sherry had her children playing in the garden.

7,Have + object(s) + past participle – To Have Something Done让某人做某事，但做事的人并非是主语。

• She had them delivered to her home.
• We had Jack promoted to director.
• I had my bicycle repaired.